DotZero Whitepaper
Decentralized DNS on Cardano, Interoperable with Web2 Infrastructure
The Domain Name System (DNS) remains one of the most essential yet centralized components of the modern internet. Traditional DNS infrastructure is governed by hierarchical authorities and centralized registrars, which introduces vulnerabilities such as censorship, data manipulation, and restricted ownership.
In contrast, the evolution of blockchain technology has enabled the creation of decentralized and verifiable naming systems — yet most existing solutions operate exclusively within the Web3 ecosystem and remain invisible to Web2 users.
DotZero introduces a novel approach: a decentralized DNS framework built on the Cardano blockchain, designed to achieve full interoperability between Web3 and Web2 environments.
Unlike prior decentralized naming protocols, DotZero ensures that blockchain-registered domains can be accessed and resolved by conventional Web2 users, bridging the gap between legacy internet infrastructure and the decentralized web. Each registered domain in DotZero is represented by a unique non-fungible token (NFT) on the Cardano network. Ownership of this NFT grants full control over the corresponding domain, including the ability to transfer it or delegate resolvers by minting a secondary NFT that represents DNS delegation. To execute this process, users must utilize the native $D0 utility token, which powers the registration, and delegation mechanisms within the DotZero ecosystem. Through this architecture, DotZero combines trustless ownership, on-chain verification, and Web2 accessibility, providing a foundational layer for decentralized identity, dApp hosting, and next-generation domain management on Cardano.
DotZero introduces a hybrid resolution model that ensures seamless interoperability between Web2 and Web3 environments, without compromising decentralization or user accessibility. The system is designed to serve both traditional internet users and decentralized applications by maintaining synchronized states between on-chain data and off-chain DNS infrastructure.
For Web2 users, DotZero leverages the traditional ICANN DNS hierarchy, enabling compatibility with existing browsers, operating systems, and networking devices. Within this structure, DNS zones are delegated to DotZero’s root DNS servers, which act as bridges between the conventional DNS protocol and the Cardano blockchain.
These root servers continuously synchronize in real time with the Cardano network, updating their records immediately after each new block is produced. This mechanism ensures that any on-chain registration, update, or delegation event is reflected across the DNS infrastructure almost instantaneously, maintaining data consistency and minimizing propagation delays.
Through this design, Web2 users can resolve decentralized domains transparently—without needing specialized software or blockchain interaction—using the same DNS query process they are already familiar with.
For Web3 users and decentralized applications, DotZero enables direct on-chain resolution. Queries can be executed natively through blockchain interfaces or SDKs, allowing dApps, wallets, and smart contracts to read name-to-address mappings directly from Cardano’s immutable ledger.
To enhance accessibility, DotZero provides two core resolution tools:
Public DNS Servers – Decentralized resolver nodes that interpret TLDs (top-level domains) registered through DotZero. These servers can be configured on any device, including routers, mobile phones, and personal computers, effectively integrating Web3 name resolution at the operating system level.
Browser Extension – A lightweight client-side tool that intercepts DNS queries and resolves them via Cardano’s blockchain data, offering direct Web3 access without requiring centralized intermediaries.
Furthermore, DotZero is actively pursuing partnerships with other Web3 DNS projects (e.g., TLDs such as .lo) to support multi-protocol interoperability, allowing users to access domains from different decentralized ecosystems through a unified resolution interface.
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